28 results
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia:
 • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample!
 • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
Alwavs Repeat Blood ... while drawing blood ... TTKG should be high ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #potassium #high
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... Burns • Trauma/Crush ... injury • Blood ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... wasting from other causes ... urinary losses: • High ... Blood Pressure: ... • Low/Normal Blood
Hyperuricemia: Pathogenesis and Complications

 - Hypercalcemia (due to diseases like Sarcoidosis and Hyperparathyroidism) -> Accumulation of
acid from the blood ... - Tubular Poisons ... acid from the blood ... Release of purine bases ... of abnormally high
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... Burns • Trauma/Crush ... injury • Blood ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high
Kussmaul's Sign on Physical Exam

What’s the diagnosis?
Severe biventeicular failure with + Kussmaul sign! NICM. No constriction!

-
accept increased blood ... infarct, and other rarer ... causes of right-sided ... physicalexam #clinical #video
Acute Purpura Fulminans Skin Rash on Physical Exam 
60 year old male ITP s/p splenectomy 
1d
Fulminans Skin Rash ... rigors, diarrhea, nausea ... new full-body rash ... to think about high ... Your blood cxs identify
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
 • Cellular Shift:
   - Exercise
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... production: TLS, Crush ... hyperkalemia: Blood ... draw error (Collection ... #potassium #high
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
130 mEq/L • Potassium ... Can give with blood ... shift • Saline Causes ... densa receives high ... • Saline May Cause
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
• Normal/low blood ... to diarrhea, a high ... Urine chloride is high ... the indicated causes ... of sodium and potassium