14 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Losses: • Normal Acid-Base ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... , Gitelman syndrom ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
- Normal/low ... blood pressure: ... , Gitelman syndrome ... poisoning • Normal acid-base ... #causes #urinary
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
• Normal/low ... blood pressure: ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #differential # ... diagnosis
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Laxative use • Diarrhea ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... , Gitelman syndrome ... - Metabolic acidosis ... #potassium #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Diagnosis Algorithm ... , glycyrrhizic acid ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... #nephrology #causes ... #low #potassium
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... • Normal or low ... blood pressure ... Renal tubular acidosis ... #Syndrome #diagnosis
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Renal tubular acidosis ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... , glycyrrhizic acid ... #causes #nephrology ... #potassium
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... Diagnosis: Causes ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... : - Diarrhea ... #Summary #Nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Alkalosis: Differential ... Chloride-rich diarrhea ... chronic respiratory acidosis ... Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
effective arterial blood ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #differential # ... algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology