11 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
NG drainage - Diarrhea ... Renal tubular acidosis ... Catecholamines - Alkalosis ... #Low #Potassium ... Classification #Causes
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Algorithm Acidosis ... - RTA - Diarrhea ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Workup #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... - Metabolic acidosis ... #diagnosis #Algorithm
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... #Algorithm #causes ... #potassium #low
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm - Urinary ... - Normal/low blood ... : Chronic diarrhea ... #Algorithm #causes
Acid Base and Blood Gas Analysis
1. pH - What’s the primary disturbance?
2. pCO2 - What’s the
Acid Base and Blood ... Vomiting D - Diarrhea ... nickmmark #acidbase #workup ... #algorithm #diagnosis ... #acidosis #alkalosis
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... • Normal/low blood ... the indicated causes ... of sodium and potassium ... #differential #diagnosis
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Algorithm Hypovolemia ... with renal tubal acidosis ... and metabolic alkalosis ... losses, Vomiting, Diarrhea ... #Algorithm #Causes
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Normal or low blood ... (renal potassium ... Renal tubular acidosis ... Congenital chloride diarrhea ... Gitelman #Syndrome #diagnosis
Causes of Hypokalemia
I. Decreased intake
   A. Starvation
   B. Clay ingestion
II. Redistribution into
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Gastrointestinal loss (diarrhea ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Low #Potassium