11 results
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Workup of Hypercalcemia ... Algorithm High or Normal ... Malignancy • Normal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Workup ... #nephrology #PTH
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... - Diarrhea pH Normal ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Diagnosis #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Extra-renal Losses: • Normal ... Low intake • Metabolic ... Renal Losses: • Metabolic ... potassium #low #nephrology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Framework and Workup ... Type 4: Hyperkalemic ... NonAnionGap #Acidosis #Metabolic ... Differential #Diagnosis #Workup ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... thrombocytosis, leukocytosis ... Suspicion for Hyperkalemia ... infusions) - Metabolic ... potassium #high #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation ... consumption • Low/Normal ... Pressure: - Metabolic ... Hippurate - Metabolic ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... thrombocytosis, leukocytosis ... Suspicion for Hyperkalemia ... infusions) - Metabolic ... potassium #high #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Blood Work: - ... Hypokalemia - Hypomagnesemia ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... Renal Imaging: - Normal ... #nephrology
Cushing's Syndrome - Hypercortisolism - Diagnosis and Clinical Features
1) Skin
 • Thin, easily bruisable skin with
areas that are not normally ... Endocrine and metabolic ... Cataracts Labs: Hypokalemia ... hypernatremia, metabolic ... hypertriglyceridemia) and Leukocytosis
The crusade against “Ab”Normal Saline continues.  This is a non-physiologic fluid that can harm our
crusade against “Ab”Normal ... ECF and ICF both work ... inevitably leads to Metabolic ... Metabolic Acidosis ... the ECF causes Hyperkalemia