97 results
White Blood Cell Maturation Chart

#Pathology #WBC #Maturation #Lineage #Chart #Leukocyte #Myeloid #Myeloblast #Lymphocyte
Lineage #Chart #Leukocyte ... #Myeloid #Myeloblast
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
and Nephrotic Syndromes ... Nephritic syndrome—due ... RBC casts in urine ... but in severe cases ... Nephritic #Nephrotic #Syndromes
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
• Blasts > 10% leukocytes ... Neutrophils • Immature/Myeloblasts ... develop leukostasis syndrome ... AML Dx: • ↑ Leukocyte ... • Tumor lysis syndrome
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
microscopy • Red cell casts ... glomerular disease • Leukocytes ... • White cell casts ... disease • Granular casts ... • “Muddy brown cast
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy - Casts ... Acellular Casts ... • Hyaline Casts ... "Muddy Brown" Casts ... suggestive of nephrotic sydnrome
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome ... nephrotic/nephritic syndromes ... hematuria (RBC casts ... Nephritic #Nephrotic #Syndrome
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
Between Nephrotic Syndrome ... and Nephritic Syndrome ... == Nephrotic Syndrome ... Red blood cell casts ... Red blood cell casts
Evaluation of Leukocytosis:
The term 'leukocyte' applies to any cells within the myeloblast, monoblast, & lymphoid lineages.
Include
Leukocytosis: The term 'leukocyte ... cells within the myeloblast ... precursor cells to leukocytes
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
• Ketones • Leukocyte ... • Urinary casts ... dipstick #nitrite #leucocyte-esterase ... #urine #UNa #casts
Algorithm for the Evaluation of Chronic Diarrhea (< 7 days)
Exclude:
1. Causes of acute diarrhea
2. Lactose intolerance
3.
Irritable bowel syndrome ... disease - Fecal leukocytes ... Malabsorption syndromes ... Irritable bowel syndrome