16 results
Tachypnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Definitions
 • Tachypnea: Respiratory rate > 20/min, shallow breathing in adults
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... 20/min, shallow breathing ... Pulmonary Causes ... effusion/Tamponade Hematologic ... : • Anemia
Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Dyspnea:
 • Myocardium:
	- Heart failure
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
 • Electrical:
	-
Hepatopulmonary syndrome ... Transverse myelitis • Hematology ... : - Anemia • ... Additional: - Acidosis ... #causes #pulmonary
Abnormalities in Rate and Rhythm of Breathing 
Normal 
The respiratory rate is about 14—20 per min
and metabolic acidosis ... heart failure, uremia ... hyperventilation syndrome—a ... #Pulmonary #Abnormalities ... #Abnormal #Diagnosis
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Acute Coronary Syndrome ... - Other • Anemia ... • Metabolic Acidosis ... #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac:
 • Dysrhythmia
 • Ischemia
 • Cardiomyopathy
 • Valvular disease
Causes of Dyspnea ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Superior vena cava syndrome ... • Anxiety • Anemia ... • Metabolic acidosis
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
Neutrophils • Immature/Myeloblasts ... - infiltrates (anemia ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... #Leukemia #Hematology ... #Oncology #Diagnosis
Causes of Pleural Effusion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transudate - Hydrostatic
 • Congestive heart failure
 • Constrictive
Causes of Pleural ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Malignancy • Pulmonary ... • Asbestos • Uremia ... #Hepatology #causes
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
- Differential Diagnosis ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... Renal failure (uremia ... Classically” noted with pulmonary ... Interpretation #Diagnosis
Causes of Fatigue - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Endocrine
 • Hypo/Hyperthyroidism
 • Diabetes
 • Pituitary Insufficiency
 • Adrenal
Causes of Fatigue ... Neoplastic / Hematologic ... • Anemia • ... Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary ... Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Constitutional Syndromes ... • Difficulty breathing ... and petechiae Causes ... #oncology #hematology ... #diagnosis #management