89 results
Parinaud's Syndrome
What?
 - Impaired upgaze
 - Light-near dissociation
 - Convergence retraction nystagmus
 - Eyelid retraction (Collier's
retraction nystagmus - Eyelid ... sign" - Vascular disease
Ptosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Ptosis (Greek- to fall) Drooping of the upper eyelid that usually results
Drooping of the upper eyelid ... that elevate the eyelid ... Ptosis - Neurologic disease ... trauma to the eyelid ... Cicatrization • Eyelid
Periorbital Cellulitis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Definitions:
a. Dacryoadenitis: infection of the lacrimal glands
b. Conjunctivitis: inflammation of the
upper or lower eyelid ... inflammation of the eyelid ... Periorbital #Cellulitis #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases):
 - Increasing
Alzheimer’s Disease ... of cases): - Amyloid ... chromosome 21) Signs / Symptoms ... AlzheimersDisease #Dementia #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Basophilia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Basophils < 1% of the total white blood cell count
Basophils function similarly
Disorders: • Chronic myeloid ... translocation • Acute myeloid ... Colitis and Crohn’s Disease
VEXAS (Vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, Autoinflammatory, Somatic) Syndrome
Clinical Syndrome:
 • Common Clinical Features: alveolitis, ear and
thromboembolic disease ... thrombocytopenia, multiple myeloma ... conditions - multiple myeloma ... peripheral blood myeloid
Parinaud's syndrome
What?
 • Light-near dissociation (tectal pupils)
 • Convergence retraction nystagmus
 • Eyelid retraction (Collier's sign)
retraction nystagmus • Eyelid ... sign • Vascular disease
"Marble Eyelids" in Scleroderma - Eyelid Stiffness on Physical Exam

Eversion of the lower eyelid is made
"Marble Eyelids" ... Scleroderma - Eyelid ... Eversion of the lower eyelid ... Scleroderma was a disease ... bruno.farnetano #Marble #Eyelid
Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and risk factors

 • Age > 30 (post-peak bone mass)
 • Post-menopausal women ->
Leukemia) • GI diseases ... liver or kidney disease ... #Osteoporosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
rapid onset of symptoms ... extramedullary disease ... CML (Chronic Myeloid ... • Neutrophils (myeloid ... AML (Acute Myeloid