9 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
basement membrane disease ... hematuria • Signs ... disease Renal ... #causes #urology ... #nephrology #renal
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
• Multiple Myeloma ... • Drugs Glomerular ... polyangiitis (GPA) / microscopic ... Minimal change disease ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Kidney Injury - AKI Workup ... microscopy / urinary ... clinical context and signs ... myoglobin • Myeloma ... #nephrology #causes
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
infections are common causes ... of glomerular disease ... #testing #workup ... #diagnosis #glomerulonephritis ... nephrotic #nephritic #nephrology
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
life-threatening diseases ... mononeuritis multiplex WORKUP ... Goodpasture's cause ... hypercellular glomeruli ... #management #treatment
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease
1) 24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
infections are common causes ... of glomerular disease ... #glomerular #disease ... #workup #diagnosis ... initial #testing #nephrology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
Postsynaptic: Myasthenia Gravis ... Lack of UMN/LMN signs ... Lack of sensory changes ... dystrophies Work ... #neurology
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
• Cough • Changes ... Acute meningeal signs ... established by CSF or urine ... k_vaishnani and Ravi ... #neurology #meningitis
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
purpura: Strong sign ... • Kidneys: Non-glomerular ... and gray matter changes ... -ANCA)): Microscopic ... tract, and often causes