15 results
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Extravascular Causes ... anemia): ... . primary cold agglutin ... differential #diagnosis #hematology ... #anemia
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Syndrome (CAS): ... anemia • Cold ... significance (MGUS), CLL, Myeloma ... #disease #hemolytic ... #anemia #hematology
VEXAS (Vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, Autoinflammatory, Somatic) Syndrome
Clinical Syndrome:
 • Common Clinical Features: alveolitis, ear and
thromboembolic disease ... vasculitis • Hematologic ... Abnormalities: macrocytic anemia ... cells NEJM Review ... Autoinflammatory #Somatic #rheumatology
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Causes of Anemia ... Formation • Multiple Myeloma ... Myelodysplastic Syndromes ... • Rule out B12 and ... #Causes #Hematology
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
→ Refer to hematology ... blood loss, Acute hemolysis ... , deficiency anemia ... Kawasaki, Nephrotic syndrome ... #hematology
Multiple Myeloma and Monoclonal Gammopathies
C - HyperCalcemia- calcium > 11 mg/dL / >1 mg/dL the ULN
R
Multiple Myeloma ... 40 ml/min A - Anemia ... plasmacytoma, POEMs syndrome ... MGUS #diagnosis #hematology ... #oncology
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
Management Summary myelo ... old, ~10,000 new cases ... cytopenias (usually anemia ... Management #treatment #hematology ... #oncology
Purpura - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Non-blanchable, dark red to purple, hemorrhagic skin lesions that result from leakage
DIC/TTP/HUS - Hemolytic ... anemia - Splenomegaly ... Kasabach-Merritt syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology ... #rheumatology #
Paraproteinemias

Entities That Can Feature A Monoclonal Protein/M Component:
• MM
• WM
• MGUS
• MGCS
• MGRS
• Splenic Marginal Zone
• Heavy Chain disease ... • Coombs (-) hemolytic ... anemia due to cold ... Paraproteinemias #Hematology ... Differential #Diagnosis #Oncology
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
group of disorders caused ... , or all three myeloid ... Myeloproliferative Disease ... #diagnosis #hematology ... #oncology