125 results
Important Causes of Diplopia 
TIER 1-CRITICAL
Basilar artery thrombosis, Botulism, Basilar meningitis, Aneurysmn
TIER 2-EMERGENT:
Vertebral dissection, Myasthenia gravis,
, Orbital apex syndrome ... Miller-Fisher syndrome ... sclerosis, Thyroid myopathy ... differential #diagnosis #ophthalmology
Ptosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Ptosis (Greek- to fall) Drooping of the upper eyelid that usually results
Horner’s syndrome ... palsy • Horner syndrome ... Mitochondrial myopathy ... gravis • Ocular myopathy ... Differential #Diagnosis #ophthalmology
Myositis and Myopathies
#ESR #CK #Differential diagnosis of myopathy 
#Inflammatory #myopathies	#Dermatomyositis	
#muscle weakness
#Polymyositis	
#Inclusion body myositis
#Polymyalgia rheumatica	
#Fibromyalgia	
#Hypothyroid myopathy	
#Muscle stiffness
#Drug-induced
Differential diagnosis of myopathy ... #Hypothyroid myopathy ... Corticosteroid-induced myopathy ... Statin-induced myopathy ... Cocaine-induced myopathy
Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies - 
Dermatomyositis (DM), Immune-Mediated Necrotizing Myopathy (IMNM), Antisynthetase Syndrome (ASS), Inclusion Body Myositis
Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies ... Immune-Mediated Necrotizing Myopathy ... Antisynthetase Syndrome ... #Inflammatory #Myopathies ... #Idiopathic #Myopathy
Statin Induced Muscle Toxicity - Summary

Clinical Presentation:
 • Elevations of serum creatine kinase with proximal myalgia
• Inflammatory myopathy ... hypothyroid-induced myopathy ... Statin-induced myopathy ... - Necrotizing myopathy ... fibers Risk of myopathy
Myositis and Myopathies
Polymyositis 
 • Progressive, symmetric muscle weakness 
 • Elevated CK, +Anti-Jo, +Anti-Mi2
Dermatomyositis
rimmed vacuoles HIV myopathy ... load Drug-induced myopathy ... Gemcitabine Lupus Myopathy ... 5-15% of lupus myopathy ... #myopathy #differential
Causes of Proximal Muscle Weakness That May Mimic Inflammatory Myopathy
 • Central or peripheral neurologic disease
Mimic Inflammatory Myopathy ... • Metabolic myopathies ... Mitochondrial myopathy ... MuscleWeakness #Myopathy
Creatine Kinase - Causes of Elevated CK Levels
Acute CK Elevation (Pain > Weakness):
 • RHABDOMYOLYSIS
Critical Illness Myopathy ... - Metabolic Myopathies ... - Inflammatory myopathy ... polymyositis, necrotizing myopathy
Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies (IIM's)

RASH + MUSCLE WEAKNESS → Consider idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM's)

 • Overlap Myositis
Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies ... Any inflammatory myopathy ... antisynthetase syndrome ... Inflammatory myopathy ... #dermatology #Myopathy
Autoimmune Myositis
Necrotizing myopathy is associated with higher CK levels, greater level of muscle weakness, less systemic
Myositis Necrotizing myopathy ... anti-synthetase syndrome ... and anti-HMGCR myopathy