10 results
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... water Extrarenal hypotonic ... salt intake: • Hypertonic ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Differential Algorithm Isotonic ... , Recent TURP Hypotonic ... Hypothyroidism Hypertonic ... Algorithm #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #sodium
Drugs affecting the cardiac action potential. The sharp rise in voltage ("0") corresponds to the influx
the influx of sodium ... correspond to the sodium-channel ... repolarizing eflux of potassium ... Pharmacology #Cardiology #Antiarrhythmics ... #Classes #Effect
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic ... time you have a case ... of hypotonic hyponatremia ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... #Physiologic #Hypotonic
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification:
CLASS 1 - Sodium Channel Blockers:
 • MOA: Block fast Na+ channels
Antiarrhythmics ... Classification: CLASS 1 - Sodium ... repolarization CLASS 3 - Potassium ... accpcardprn #Antiarrhythmics ... Classification #Classes
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia is usually caused ... vast majority of cases ... 1) Is it hypotonic ... the underlying cause ... management #nephrology #sodium
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology Summary
Cardiac Conduction Phases:
Phase 0 - Ventricular Depolarization:
 • Na+ channels open leading to a
Antiarrhythmics ... Classification: CLASS 1 - Sodium ... repolarization CLASS 3 - Potassium ... @accpcardprn #Antiarrhythmics ... Classification #Classes
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Weakness, cramping, nausea ... only if no clear cause ... (Bicarb≥22) or isotonic ... Use gtt, NOT hypertonic ... Management #Treatment #potassium
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
asymmetry and hypotonia ... movements (i.e. myoclonic ... Casey Albin MD @ ... caseyalbin #PhysicalExam
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... radiocontrast, hypertonic ... the epithelial sodium ... the epithelial sodium ... Diagnosis #High #Potassium