7 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
urine • 1ml blood ... hematuria • Signs ... GN or vasculitis ... #nephrology #renal ... #urine #blood
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
and Differential Diagnosis ... osmolarity If cause ... clinical context and signs ... Glomerulonephritis / Vasculits ... #nephrology #causes
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
and Differential Diagnosis ... hypertension and signs ... renal bruit or signs ... Coarctation of aorta, Vasculitis ... • Endocrinologic
IgA Vasculitis – Henoch Scholein Purpura: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 - Infectious Agents - 50% have
endothelial lining of blood ... various inflammatory cells ... periumbilical region), nausea ... Pathophysiology #Diagnosis ... #Signs #Symptoms
Lupus (SLE): Mucocutaneous Manifestations

 • Langerhan cells and keratinocytes release cytokines -> localized inflammatory response ->
hair follicles -> causes ... endothelium) & Decr blood ... Livedo Reticularis, Vasculitis ... pathophysiology #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Diagnosis Framework ... purpura: Strong sign ... pulses, bruits, or blood ... Multinucleated giant cells ... tract, and often causes
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
• Bilateral signs ... Pleocytosis > 100 cells ... • Infectious causes ... - Sjogren - Vasculitis ... #management #neurology