11 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
urine • 1ml blood ... • Signs of glomerular ... RBC castsDiagnostic ... of GN or vasculitis ... #nephrology #renal
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
multiplex • Hematuria ... tract, and often causes ... purpura: strong sign ... pulses, bruis, or blood ... Large Vessel: Blood
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
and Differential Diagnosis ... osmolarity If cause ... clinical context and signs ... Glomerulonephritis / Vasculits ... #nephrology #causes
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
- Differential Diagnosis ... - Gitelman SIGNS ... smooth muscle cells ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
and Differential Diagnosis ... hypertension and signs ... renal bruit or signs ... Coarctation of aorta, Vasculitis ... • Endocrinologic
IgA Vasculitis – Henoch Scholein Purpura: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 - Infectious Agents - 50% have
endothelial lining of blood ... various inflammatory cells ... periumbilical region), nausea ... Pathophysiology #Diagnosis ... #Signs #Symptoms
Lupus (SLE): Mucocutaneous Manifestations

 • Langerhan cells and keratinocytes release cytokines -> localized inflammatory response ->
hair follicles -> causes ... endothelium) & Decr blood ... Livedo Reticularis, Vasculitis ... pathophysiology #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Diagnosis Framework ... Mononeuritis multiplex • Hematuria ... purpura: Strong sign ... pulses, bruits, or blood ... tract, and often causes
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
content [85].2>5 red blood ... cells/high-power ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... Hematuria may be ... nephrotic #syndrome #nephrology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
• Bilateral signs ... Pleocytosis > 100 cells ... • Infectious causes ... - Sjogren - Vasculitis ... #management #neurology