22 results
Etiologies of Hypoaldosteronism

Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Low Renin, Low Aldosterone)
 - Diabetic Nephropathy 
 - NSAIDs
Non-Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Normal
Nephropathy - NSAIDs ... Hypoaldosteronism (Normal ... Aldosterone Resistance (Normal ... or High Renin, Normal ... Comparison #Table #Causes
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Diagnosis Algorithm Normal ... • Small Bowel Disorder ... , Normal WBCs ... - Normal Liver Function ... Deficiency - Abnormal
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
- Normal • Renal ... high-power field = normal ... individuals; “abnormal ... indicate metabolic disorders ... key #diagnosis #nephrology
Hoffman's sign. Even in this specific case, accompanied by a clonus outline (rhythmic contractions). The median
Hoffman's sign. ... this specific case ... #Reflex #Positive ... #Abnormal #clinical ... #video #neurology
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The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
consciousness Differential ... etiology of coma Abnormal ... movements; also normal ... flexion withdrawal, abnormal ... decortication), abnormal
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
magnesium into cells ... renal function is normal ... Hypomagnesemia #algorithm #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #magnesium
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
ABG And BMP Normal ... (Cl + HCO3)} Normal ... <0.4 Pure Normal ... acidosis 0.4-0.8 Normal ... of Normal Anion
Causes of Dementia / Cognitive Impairment - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Affecting Multiple Domains
 • Depression
 • Delirium
Decline
Causes of Dementia ... Cognitive Impairment - Differential ... • Normal Pressure ... Paraneoplastic disorder ... #Differential #
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
number and appears abnormal ... cell types are abnormal ... low and appear abnormal ... look abnormal under ... appear normal,
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
osmolarity If cause ... investigations abnormal ... clinical context and signs ... #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes