23 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses ... , Gitelman syndrom ... potassium #low #nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Familial: Bartter syndrome ... and Gitelman syndrome ... with secondary, hypocalcemia ... #causes #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Gitelman Syndrome ... Blood Work: - Hypokalemia ... of echogenic kidneys ... #Syndrome #Diagnosis ... #Workup #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Renal tubular ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis ... algorithm #causes #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... (renal potassium ... , Renal tubular ... #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
differentiating kidney ... suggests extra-renal ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #diagnosis #Algorithm ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome - Management
Treatment includes
 - Electrolyte replacement - K & Mg, preferably Cl salts
Gitelman Syndrome ... In persistent hypokalemia ... diuretics, RAASi, NSAIDS ... #Syndrome #Management ... #Treatment #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Acute Kidney Injury ... - Differential Diagnosis ... : • Hypovolemia ... Abdominal Compartment Syndrome ... #nephrology #causes
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
patients with hypokalemia ... ↑ Aldosterone: Kidney ... , Gitelman syndrome ... differential #algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
Inherited Defects in Kidney ... Epithelial Cells Renal ... ascending limb Gitelman ... receptor Distal renal ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis