11 results
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
disease, but can also ... - Diagnostic of ... to 3 per high-power ... Microscopy #Atlas #key #diagnosis ... #nephrology #casts
Intrinsic Renal Disease - Differential Diagnosis
Vascular:
 • Macrovascular: Renal artery occlusion, Fibromuscular disease
 • Microvascular: TTP/HUS,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Vascular: • ... : Antibiotics, NSAIDs ... , Cast nephropathy ... #Disease #nephrology
Multiple Myeloma Diagnosis and Management Summary
Clinical Signs:
 • hyperCalcemia 28% (bone demineralization)
 • Renal disease 48%
Summary Clinical Signs ... demineralization) • Renal ... 48% (light chain cast ... marrow plasma cells ... value is also >
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
- Differential Diagnosis ... hematuria • Signs ... hematuria: - RBC casts ... → Diagnostic of ... #nephrology #renal
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
of UMN and LMN signs ... 4) progressive muscular ... Upper extremity, lower ... EMG: LMN Signs in ... Lateral #Sclerosis #neurology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
- Differential Diagnosis ... Cast formation: ... kidney tubular cells ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... causes #treatment #nephrology
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
arbitrarily defined as ... .2>5 red blood cells ... /high-power field ... cell/white cell casts ... nephrotic #syndrome #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... K+, ACEi/ARBs, NSAIDs ... 15 suggests ↓ renal ... Drives K+ into cells ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... Immunosuppressive agents, Renal ... edema visualized as ... BP lowering - Lower ... #management #neurology
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
- Differential Diagnosis ... pulmonary and renal ... purpura: Strong sign ... pulse deficits vascular ... affects the skin, neurologic