222 results
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
Common causes: • Renal ... ultrasound, Tests ... Duplex Doppler ultrasound ... test (with 24-h urine ... standard conditions (supine
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Gap - UAG and Urine ... - RenalUrine ... Renal Loss of HCO3 ... - Renal insufficiency ... Hypoaldosteronism - Renal
Supine Napoleon Test for Subscapularis Tear

The patient is instructed to place his hand on his belly
Supine Napoleon ... PT_yuu_mizu628 #Supine ... #Napoleon #Test
Common ultrasound abnormalities seen on kidney and urinary bladder POCUS

- Dr. Abhilash Koratala MD - NephroPOCUS
Common ultrasound ... diagnosis #pocus #ultrasound ... #renal #clinical
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
(LR) vs Normal Saline ... filtration - Renal ... stretch - decreased renal ... blood flow and renal ... Instability: - Renal
Renal Tubular Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased Serum K, Urine pH < 5.5 - Proximal RTA
Decreased
Renal Tubular Acidosis ... Decreased Serum K, Urine ... = Hyperkalemic Renal ... obstruction • Urine ... uncimchiefs #RTA #Renal
General approach to AKI - Checklist

Urine electrolytes & FENa - Previously, it was believed that urine
- Checklist Urine ... believed that urine ... differentiate between pre-renal ... and intrinsic renal ... Urine eosinophils
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
dipstick, urine ... urinary sediment, renal ... HIV serology, renal ... eosinophiluria, renal ... markers • Cardio-renal
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Malignant HTN • Renal ... thrombosis • Renal ... Sickle cell) • Renal ... Compression of left renal ... TURP/Biopsy Renal
Causes of Solid or Cystic Renal Mass - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Solid Renal Mass:
 • Benign <3
Solid or Cystic Renal ... Algorithm Solid Renal ... in size Cystic Renal ... - Anechoic on ultrasound ... Well-demarcated on ultrasound