33 results
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Magnesium, High Magnesium - Functional Hypoparathyroidism
 • High
Hypocalcemia Workup ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Magnesium, High ... Magnesium - Functional ... #nephrology #calcium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Losses Non-renal ... vomiting) • Low ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #low #potassium
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
- Differential Diagnosis ... with secondary, hypocalcemia ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
cells FEMg >4% = renal ... if renal function ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Hypercalcemia - Hypokalemia ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Low #Magnesium ... #Table #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
- Differential Diagnosis ... filling of bucket (low ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Algorithm #Causes #workup ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
potassium(K) & magnesium ... suggests extra-renal ... #diagnosis #Algorithm ... differential #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Renal artery stenosis ... Differential #Algorithm #Diagnosis ... #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
- Differential Diagnosis ... Gittelman's syndrome • Magnesium ... aldosterone • Renal ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm