19 results
Infective endocarditis - etiology and sources of infection. 
 • Native and prosthetic 
valve endocarditis
 •
and sources of infection ... • Native and ... #Sources #Causes ... Bacteria #Etiology #Differential ... #Microbiology #
Endocarditis Algorithm - Infective vs Noninfective Causes
Noninfective:
 • Malignancy
 • Autoimmune disease
 • Systemic infection
Native Valve
Endocarditis Algorithm ... vs Noninfective Causes ... disease • Systemic infection ... bacilli • Fungi ... #Differential #
Causes of blood culture negative infective endocarditis

Bartonella spp, Brucella spp, Coxiella burnetii, Chlamydia spp, Tropheryma whipplei,
culture negative ... infective endocarditis ... Tropheryma whipplei, Fungi ... #differential # ... InfectiousDiseases #Microbiology
Causes of Antibiotic Failure - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Diagnosis:
 • Non-Infectious: Malignant, Autoimmune, Drug-related (NMS, serotonin syndrome,
Causes of Antibiotic ... Failure - Differential ... bacteria: Viral, Fungal ... lines, osteo, endocarditis ... (daptomycin in lungs
Blood Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis (BCNIE)
Definition: No etiology found after 3 separate blood cultures remain negative for
Blood Culture-Negative ... Infective Endocarditis ... but important causes ... #Infective #Endocarditis ... #diagnosis #differential
Fever Patterns - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Continuous Fever:
Temp > 38°C with only 1 degree fluctuation in 24
Fever Patterns - Differential ... • Typhus, gram-negative ... Causes: • Still's ... Brucellosis • Liver or lung ... Fever #Patterns #Differential
Hemoptysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Massive Hemoptysis: >150-300 mL in 24h
Airway disease: 
 • Bronchitis, Bronchiectasis, Malignancy
Hemoptysis - Differential ... Parenchyma: • Infection ... Ebola, Dengue), Fungal ... regurgitation, Tricuspid endocarditis ... Diagnosis #pulmonary #causes
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
Frequent false-negative ... in up to 30% of cases ... large infarct - Infectious ... #comparison #infective ... Marantic #diagnosis #table
Differential Diagnosis for Concurrent Brain and Lung Infections
 • Bacteria: Strep anginosus, Staph aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae
Differential Diagnosis ... Concurrent Brain and Lung ... phenomena from endocarditis ... Toxoplasmosis • Fungi ... Diagnosis #causes
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Infectious: • Pre-existing ... verrucous) • Lung ... Hypercoagulable (APLAS) Microbiology ... • Coagulase-negative ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential