13 results
Infective endocarditis - etiology and sources of infection. 
 • Native and prosthetic 
valve endocarditis
 •
and sources of infection ... • Native and ... • Soft tissue infections ... #Sources #Causes ... #Differential #Microbiology
Endocarditis Algorithm - Infective vs Noninfective Causes
Noninfective:
 • Malignancy
 • Autoimmune disease
 • Systemic infection
Native Valve
Endocarditis Algorithm ... vs Noninfective Causes ... disease • Systemic infection ... bacilli • Fungi ... bacilli • Fungi
Important Fungal Stains
Mycology Lab:
 • Calcofluor white - Fluorochrome that binds glucans and chitin in fungal
Important Fungal ... • India ink - "Negative ... #microbiology #microscopy ... #fungus #comparison ... #table
Causes of blood culture negative infective endocarditis

Bartonella spp, Brucella spp, Coxiella burnetii, Chlamydia spp, Tropheryma whipplei,
culture negative ... infective endocarditis ... Tropheryma whipplei, Fungi ... #Endocarditis # ... InfectiousDiseases #Microbiology
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
Frequent false-negative ... in up to 30% of cases ... large infarct - Infectious ... #comparison #infective ... Marantic #diagnosis #table
Blood Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis (BCNIE)
Definition: No etiology found after 3 separate blood cultures remain negative for
Blood Culture-Negative ... Infective Endocarditis ... cultures remain negative ... but important causes ... #Infective #Endocarditis
Invasive Aspergillus (IA) - Diagnosis and Management
Aspergillus is ubiquitous in nature. Most invasive infections are caused
are caused by members ... presentations: • Pulmonary ... Endophthalmitis, Endocarditis ... considered in certain cases ... Management #treatment #fungal
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Hypercoagulable (APLAS) Microbiology ... • Coagulase-negative ... Cerebral > Splenic, pulmonary ... Septic Emboli Cause ... Treat underlying cause
Hemoptysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Massive Hemoptysis: >150-300 mL in 24h
Airway disease: 
 • Bronchitis, Bronchiectasis, Malignancy
Parenchyma: • Infection ... Ebola, Dengue), Fungal ... regurgitation, Tricuspid endocarditis ... Differential #Diagnosis #pulmonary ... #causes
Approach to Eosinophilic Lung Diseases
 • Acute Eosinophilic Pneumonia (< 1 wk) - ~30yo, M; Recent
, CNS, skin • Infectious ... (Variable) - Fungal ... Lung #Diseases #pulmonary ... differential #diagnosis #comparison ... #table #eosinophilia