20 results
Causes of blood culture negative infective endocarditis

Bartonella spp, Brucella spp, Coxiella burnetii, Chlamydia spp, Tropheryma whipplei,
culture negative ... infective endocarditis ... #differential # ... #Endocarditis # ... #CNIE #BCNIE #cardiology
Myocarditis - Diagnosis and Causes
 • Clinical presentation: Pseudo-acute coronary syndrome, Cardiac failure <3 rnonths, Cardiogenic
Diagnosis and Causes ... Paraclinical assessment: EKG ... pericarditis • Rule out differential ... #Myocarditis #differential ... #cardiology #MRI
Approach to ECGs - Tachy/Bradyarrhythmias
Tachyarrhythmias - HR > 100
Wide
  (1) VT - DANGER
  (2)
Approach to ECGs ... (2) Atrial flutter ... 200ms from longer pause ... electrocardiogram #cardiology ... #differential
Syncope - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Neurocardiogenic:
 • Vasovagal
 • Orthostatic Hypotension
 • Autonomic Neuropathy
 • Situational (micturition,
Syncope - Differential ... Contractility: • MI ... Syndrome #Syncope #Cardiology ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
• Coagulase-negative ... Septic Emboli Cause ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... ↑ ESR, CRP • EKG ... diagnosis #management #cardiology
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Causes of Primary ... Infective/marantic endocarditis ... tumors: Most common cause ... Primary #Functional #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Blood Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis (BCNIE)
Definition: No etiology found after 3 separate blood cultures remain negative for
Infective Endocarditis ... but important causes ... special stains (e.g ... #Infective #Endocarditis ... #diagnosis #differential
Hemorrhagic Pericardial Effusions (Hemopericardium)- Differential Diagnosis Framework

IATROGENIC DISEASE
Secondary to invasive cardiac procedures

NONIATROGENIC
• Malignancy (e.g., metastatic spread:
Hemopericardium)- Differential ... • Malignancy (e.g ... OTHER RARE CAUSES ... may have false negative ... #Diagnosis #cardiology
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
Pulmonary Edema - Differential ... Causes include: ... level <100 pg/ml EKG ... #edema #NCPE #differential ... #diagnosis #cardiology
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
- Most Common Cause ... TTE, TEE, CT or MRI ... cardiac surgery, endocarditis ... Embolism #diagnosis #differential ... scoring #criteria #cardiology