12 results
Causes of Culture Negative Abscess - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Consider prior antibiotics as a cause of a
Causes of Culture Negative ... Abscess - Differential ... as a cause of a negative ... AnnKumfer #Culture #Negative ... #Abscess #Differential
Microorganisms Responsible for Infective Endocarditis

Native valves:
 - Streptococcus viridans 
 - Enterococci 
 - Other streptococci
bacilli - Fungi ... (Candida, Aspergillus ... ) - Culture negative ... bacilli - Fungi ... Pathogens #Diagnosis #Differential
Important Fungal Stains
Mycology Lab:
 • Calcofluor white - Fluorochrome that binds glucans and chitin in fungal
Important Fungal ... and chitin in fungal ... exceptions are Aspergillus ... • India ink - "Negative ... #fungus #comparison
Fungal Biomarkers: Beta-D-Glucan and Aspergillus Galactomannan
Beta-D-Glucan:
 • Polysaccharide cell wall component of many fungi
 • Pathogens:
Fungal Biomarkers ... Coccidioides - Negative ... Cryptococcus - Negative ... BAL GM does not differentiate ... Galactomannan #diagnosis #comparison
Transplant Infections Timeline
Pre-transplant:
 • Common bacteria (endogenous): Staphylococci (skin), Gram-negative bacilli (gut)
 • Viruses: HSV (reactivation)
Engraftment:
Staphylococci (skin), Gram-negative ... Staphylococci (skin), Gram-negative ... (mucosa), Aspergillus ... : Aspergillus spp ... Infections #Timeline #differential
Hematuria in Post-Renal Transplant Patient
Prevalence up to 12% in the postrenal transplant patient
 • Bacterial: Escherichia
Simple Virus • Fungal ... Cryptococcus Neoformans, Aspergillus ... cell carcinoma (native ... Renal #Transplant #differential ... urine #management #treatment
Causes of blood culture negative infective endocarditis

Bartonella spp, Brucella spp, Coxiella burnetii, Chlamydia spp, Tropheryma whipplei,
blood culture negative ... Tropheryma whipplei, Fungi ... (Aspergillus, Candida ... BCNIE #Causes #differential ... causes #culture #negative
1,3-Beta-D-Glucan and Galactomannan Testing Sensitivity Specificity and False Positives
1,3-Beta-D-Glucan
 • Cell wall component of many fungi
component of many fungi ... Almost always negative ... in BAL does not differentiate ... closely related fungi ... Galactomannan #Fungal
Blood Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis (BCNIE)
Definition: No etiology found after 3 separate blood cultures remain negative for
Blood Culture-Negative ... cultures remain negative ... fastidious bacteria or fungi ... (Aspergillus, Candida ... Endocarditis #diagnosis #differential
Causes of Myocarditis 
1. Infectious Myocarditis
 • Bacterial - Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Pneumococcus, Meningococcus, Gonococcus, Salmonella, Corynebacterium
Weil disease) • Fungal ... - Aspergillus, ... Autoantigens - Infection-negative ... lymphocytic, infection-negative ... Myocarditis #Causes #differential