36 results
HACEK is the acronym commonly used to describe and help doctors to remember a group of
fastidious Gram-negative ... which can also cause ... is caused by HACEK ... is caused by Alpha-haemolytic ... #Diagnosis #InfectiousDiseases
Causes of blood culture negative infective endocarditis

Bartonella spp, Brucella spp, Coxiella burnetii, Chlamydia spp, Tropheryma whipplei,
culture negative ... infective endocarditis ... #Endocarditis # ... InfectiousDiseases ... #CNIE #BCNIE #cardiology
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence

Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
three primary pathophysiologic ... causes differentiated ... Cryoglobulinemia, Endocarditis ... With associated pulmonary ... Pauci-immune mediated (Negative
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
Framework NCPE Pathophysiology ... Causes include: ... • Normal or negative ... pg/ml EKG: • Negative ... differential #diagnosis #cardiology
Systolic Murmurs - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign / Flow / Hyperdynamic:
 • Pregnancy
 • Fever
 • Anemia
Supravalvular
Heart Disease Pulmonary ... • Rupture • Endocarditis ... cardiomyopathy • Pulmonary ... Systolic #Murmurs #Cardiology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Streptocccus Pneumoniae
Microbiology: Gram Positive, Alpha-hemolytic, Catalase Negative
Epidemiology - 10% adult carriers:
 • Most common cause of:
Alpha-hemolytic, Catalase Negative ... • Most common cause ... media • Important cause ... peritonitis, and endocarditis ... Specificity of 97%) Treatment
Capnocytophaga
Pathogen: Capnocytophaga
 • 9 species, C. canimorsus responsible for the majority of infections
 • Gram-negative rod,
infections • Gram-negative ... 13%), Pneumonia, Endocarditis ... fusiform gram-negative ... Treatment: • 50% ... microbiology #zoonotic #infectiousdiseases
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
• Coagulase-negative ... Cerebral > Splenic, pulmonary ... Septic Emboli Cause ... Treat underlying cause ... diagnosis #management #cardiology
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
Diagnosis and Pathophysiology ... disorders - Chronic pulmonary ... • Infective Endocarditis ... Infarction • Pulmonary ... #causes #cardiology
Blood Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis (BCNIE)
Definition: No etiology found after 3 separate blood cultures remain negative for
Blood Culture-Negative ... Infective Endocarditis ... but important causes ... #Infective #Endocarditis ... differential #workup #infectiousdiseases