13 results
Microorganisms Responsible for Infective Endocarditis

Native valves:
 - Streptococcus viridans 
 - Enterococci 
 - Other streptococci
for Infective Endocarditis ... epidermidis - Gram-negative ... ) - Culture negative ... #Infective #Endocarditis ... #Differential #InfectiousDiseases
Capnocytophaga
Pathogen: Capnocytophaga
 • 9 species, C. canimorsus responsible for the majority of infections
 • Gram-negative rod,
Capnocytophaga ... infections • Gram-negative ... 13%), Pneumonia, Endocarditis ... fusiform gram-negative ... microbiology #zoonotic #infectiousdiseases
HACEK is the acronym commonly used to describe and help doctors to remember a group of
fastidious Gram-negative ... cause infective endocarditis ... less than 3% of endocarditis ... More commonly endocarditis ... #Diagnosis #InfectiousDiseases
Causes of blood culture negative infective endocarditis

Bartonella spp, Brucella spp, Coxiella burnetii, Chlamydia spp, Tropheryma whipplei,
blood culture negative ... infective endocarditis ... causes #culture #negative ... #Endocarditis # ... InfectiousDiseases
Capnocytophaga Canimorsus Skin Rash

40 M presents w/ N, V, severe epigastric pain. SHx: smoker, drinks 18
Capnocytophaga Canimorsus ... fastidious gram-negative ... to meningitis, endocarditis ... Myocarditis & culture-negative ... identify severe Capnocytophaga
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
from Infective Endocarditis ... serology: Serial negative ... Frequent false-negative ... cultures/serology: + (Negative ... #comparison #infective
Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome (HHS)
Absolute Insulin deficit:
 - Type I DM:
Pathophysiology ... insulin demand Relative ... #dka #hhs #pathophysiology ... #comparison #endocrinology
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence

Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
three primary pathophysiologic ... Cryoglobulinemia, Endocarditis ... Pauci-immune mediated (Negative
Blood Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis (BCNIE)
Definition: No etiology found after 3 separate blood cultures remain negative for
Blood Culture-Negative ... Infective Endocarditis ... cultures remain negative ... #Infective #Endocarditis ... differential #workup #infectiousdiseases
Menstrual Cycle Physiology: Correlating the Ovarian and Uterine Cycles
Note: Some charts show different relative levels of
show different relative ... to compare the relative ... of estrogen to negatively ... #OvarianCycle #pathophysiology ... #comparison #endocrinology