10 results
Infective endocarditis - etiology and sources of infection. 
 • Native and prosthetic 
valve endocarditis
 •
Infective endocarditis ... • Native and ... prosthetic valve endocarditis ... #Sources #Causes ... #Differential #Microbiology
Causes of blood culture negative infective endocarditis

Bartonella spp, Brucella spp, Coxiella burnetii, Chlamydia spp, Tropheryma whipplei,
culture negative ... infective endocarditis ... #culture #negative ... #Endocarditis # ... InfectiousDiseases #Microbiology
Streptocccus Pneumoniae
Microbiology: Gram Positive, Alpha-hemolytic, Catalase Negative
Epidemiology - 10% adult carriers:
 • Most common cause of:
Streptocccus Pneumoniae Microbiology ... Alpha-hemolytic, Catalase Negative ... • Most common cause ... media • Important cause ... peritonitis, and endocarditis
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
serology: Serial negative ... Frequent false-negative ... cultures/serology: + (Negative ... in up to 30% of cases ... #comparison #infective
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Hypercoagulable (APLAS) Microbiology ... positive in 90% of IE cases ... • Coagulase-negative ... Septic Emboli Cause ... Treat underlying cause
Important Fungal Stains
Mycology Lab:
 • Calcofluor white - Fluorochrome that binds glucans and chitin in fungal
• India ink - "Negative ... Fungal #Stains #microbiology ... #microscopy #staining ... fungi #fungus #comparison
Moraxella catarrhalis on culture and microscopy
Only 1-5% of adults are colonized with this Gram neg diplococci
on culture and microscopy ... It can be the cause ... Neissseria spp. negative ... ) - Gram negative ... #clinical #microbiology
Capnocytophaga spp on Culture and Blood Smear
Associated w/ dog/human oral flora, can cause bacteremia in immunocompromised
oral flora, can cause ... anaerobe; narrow Gram negative ... Smear #clinical #microscopy ... #microbiology
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
Hypercoagulable (APLAS) Microbiology ... aureus, Coagulase-negative ... staphylococci Culture Negative ... Septic emboli cause ... Treat underlying cause
Pyogenic liver abscess in children
Common bacterial causes in children:
 • S.aureus
 • Strep spp
 • Enteric
Common bacterial causes ... • Enteric gram negative ... from contiguous focus ... artery (e.g., endocarditis