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differential causes clinical dermatomes leg motor myotomes orthopedics sensory spinalcord video acl acute algorithm anterior arm cauda caudaequina cord cruciate
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
, often from vascular ... Primarily Upper Extremity ... #Syndromes #diagnosis ... signs #symptoms #msk ... #orthopedics #neurology
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes Reflexes: • Knee - L2, L3, L4 • Ankle - S1
Reflexes: • Knee ... • Cauda Equina Syndrome ... stopping walking (vascular ... #neurology #sensory ... #motor #leg #physicalexam
Causes of Knee Effusions - Differential Diagnosis Framework Knee Effusion Red Flags: 1. Fever/Chills/Joint pain/Night sweats/Weight loss - DDX: -
- Differential Diagnosis ... bearing after injury ... injuries - Meniscal injury ... #differential #diagnosis ... #msk #physicalexam
Lachman Test for ACL Injury The patient lies supine and with the knee in ~20-30 degrees of
ACL Injury The ... supine and with the knee ... degrees of flexion, hip ... clinical #video #physicalexam ... #msk #orthopedics
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 Posterior Knee Dislocation Injury Specifically, POSTERIOR KNEE DISLOCATIONS can have significant associated injury that needs unique approach
Neurologic deficit ... Neurologic injuries ... (25%) TEST FOR: ... Check hip and ankle ... #msk #clinical
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 Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain: • Fracture • Arthritis • Gout/pseudogout
- Differential Diagnosis ... Herpes zoster - HIV ... Trauma • Crush injury ... #lower #extremity ... #msk #physicalexam
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview Cauda Equina Syndrome: • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr •
cord infarct • HIV ... lumbar stenosis • Vascular ... • Provocative Tests ... absent anal wink test ... #causes #neurology
Upper Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes Motor Function Shoulder: • Abduction - C5,C6 (axillary) • Adduction - C6, C7,
Upper Extremity ... spared in this injury ... Dermatomes #Myotomes #diagnosis ... #neurology #sensory ... #motor #arm #physicalexam
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework Spinal cord neurological lesion: Clinical findings: • Symptoms and signs below
- Differential Diagnosis ... below the site of injury ... Vascular/Blockage ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... #neurology #differential
Transverse Myelitis Overview Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
Presentation: Injury ... bouts of HTN Diagnostic ... tested and if negative ... , MOG-IgG test should ... #management #neurology
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