12 results
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
, often from vascular ... #Syndromes #diagnosis ... pathophysiology #signs ... #symptoms #msk ... #orthopedics #neurology
Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect

This maneuver of intermittent light stimulus is called the alternating light test or
It is a clear sign ... very sensitive diagnostic ... afferent pathway injury ... Pupillary #Defect #Neurology ... Pupils #MacrusGunn #PhysicalExam
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
- Differential Diagnosis ... Herpes zoster - HIV ... Trauma • Crush injury ... #lower #extremity ... #msk #physicalexam
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
cord infarct • HIV ... lumbar stenosis • Vascular ... • Provocative Tests ... absent anal wink test ... #causes #neurology
Upper Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Motor Function
Shoulder:
 • Abduction - C5,C6 (axillary)
 • Adduction - C6, C7,
Upper Extremity ... spared in this injury ... Dermatomes #Myotomes #diagnosis ... #neurology #sensory ... #motor #arm #physicalexam
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Symptoms and signs ... Vascular/Blockage ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... #neurology #differential
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
to local skin injury ... ) • Neurologic ... and diplopia) • Vascular ... is a skin prick test ... #signs #symptoms
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
and Differential Diagnosis ... patients with a negative ... or acute kidney injury ... renal bruit or signs ... Causes: • Vascular
Posterior Knee Dislocation Injury
Specifically, POSTERIOR KNEE DISLOCATIONS can have significant associated injury that needs unique approach
Neurologic deficit ... Neurologic injuries ... (25%) TEST FOR: ... Check hip and ankle ... #msk #clinical
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
Differential Diagnosis ... • Examine for signs ... caseyalbin #PhysicalExam ... #neurology #comatose ... #diagnosis