12 results
Fibrovascular Proliferation - Fundoscopy Ocular Examination

Fibrovascular proliferation and macular hole in a patient with proliferative diabetic
Ocular Examination ... hole in a patient ... proliferative diabetic ... #Hole #Retina # ... #clinical #video
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine Output > 3L /day
Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg)
 • Primary
- Differential Diagnosis ... Polydipsia • Central ... Diabetes Insipidus ... Dl • Chronic Renal ... Algorithm #causes #nephrology
Blurry Vision - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Anatomical Approach to Eye Disease:
1. Lids/Lashes
2. Extraocular Muscles/Motility
3. Conjunctiva/Sclera
4. Cornea
5. Anterior
- Differential Diagnosis ... Ocular Adverse Effects ... hole • Hypertensive ... retinopathy • Central ... poisoning • Central
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min)
Osmotic
- Differential Diagnosis ... Recovery from Acute Renal ... response • Central ... #Polyuria #Nephrology ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis
Excess Intake of Water:
 • Primary polydipsia (a.k.a. "psychogenic polydipsia")
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Diabetes Insipidus ... ): • Central Dl ... Nephrogenic DI (Renal ... #Causes #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm 1) Check Urine ... • Euvolemic: Diabetes ... insipidus (central ... Workup #Algorithm #nephrology
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
arbitrarily defined as urine ... joints (arthritis), central ... inflammation of the retina ... Diabetic nephropathy ... nephrotic #syndrome #nephrology
Staphylococcus-associated GlomeruloNephritis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
CLINICAL
 • Nephritic syndrome (Casts)
 • Marked proteinuria (may be
GlomeruloNephritis - Diagnosis ... Management Summary CLINICAL ... Antibiotics / source control ... needed • No role ... GlomeruloNephritis #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... lysis) ± Urine ... Ca-gluconate or 1g CaCl- (central ... #Hyperkalemia #Diagnosis ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis ... Elevated Renin Urine ... excretion of Cl > 0.5% Clinical ... Normotensive - No diuretic ... #Workup #nephrology