6 results
Major Segments of the Nephron and their Functions 
 - Glomerulus - Formation of glomerular filtrate
Segments of the Nephron ... and their Functions ... acid and most diuretics ... vasopressin control #Nephron ... Pathophysiology #Tubules #Table
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... GI losses (NG suction ... • Discontinued diuretic ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Hypokalemia ... Hyperkalemia ... Generalized distal nephron ... Drug-induced hyperkalemia ... Potassium-sparing diuretics
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Vomiting • NG suction ... contracted • Loop diuretics ... syndrome • Thiazide diuretics ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... (AKI, Post-AKI diuresis ... ) RAAS Active (or ... Present (Uosm ≥100): Hypovolemia ... differential #diagnosis #table
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
hemodynamics and cardiac function ... excreted using diuretics ... patient causing hypovolemia ... #differential #algorithm ... cardiology #treatment #table