16 results
Mechanisms of Loop Diuretic Action and Resistance. Panel A, loop diuretics circulate bound to protein. As
Loop Diuretic Action ... diuretics compete with chloride ... sodium–potassium–chloride ... #Pathophysiology ... #Nephro #IM #LoopDiuretic
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... blood pressure: Active ... mineralocorticoid-like effect ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #urinary
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Algorithm Cl- ... blood pressure: Active ... mineralocorticoid-like effect ... the indicated causes ... #urine #Algorithm
NSAIDS and their effects on the Kidney - Pathophysiology

Arachidonic Acid metabolites into alternative pathways that modify
NSAIDS and their effects ... on the Kidney - Pathophysiology ... distal component of Nephron ... Idiosyncratic immune reaction ... #pathophysiology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine chloride < 20 mmol/l - Chloride responsive (Chloride
Causes of Metabolic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Vomiting • NG suction ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... Gap and Non-anion ... Distal (classic) ... Generalized distal nephron ... loads (ammonium chloride
Major Physiological Effects of Angiotensin II

Altered Peripheral Resistance
I. Direct vasoconstriction
II. Enhancement of peripheral noradrenergic
neurotransmission:
  A.
Physiological Effects ... Direct effect to ... excretion in distal nephron ... AngiotensinII #Pathophysiology ... #Action
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Fatigue Chloride ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Chloride
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification:
CLASS 1 - Sodium Channel Blockers:
 • MOA: Block fast Na+ channels
channel blocking effects ... , Intermediate Action ... Blockade, Fast Action ... Blockade, Slow Action ... #pathophysiology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... contracted: urine chloride ... vomiting/ nasogastric suction ... • Chloride-rich ... tubule diuretic effect