20 results
Nephron Remodeling as a Mechanism of Diuretic Resistance. When high doses of loop diuretics are used
a Mechanism of Diuretic ... doses of loop diuretics ... thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride ... channel, and the chloride–bicarbonate ... #Pathophysiology
Mechanisms of Loop Diuretic Action and Resistance. Panel A, loop diuretics circulate bound to protein. As
Mechanisms of Loop Diuretic ... compete with chloride ... sodium–potassium–chloride ... #Pathophysiology ... #Nephro #IM #LoopDiuretic
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine chloride < 20 mmol/l - Chloride responsive (Chloride
Causes of Metabolic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Vomiting • NG suction ... fibrosis • Remote diuretic ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Causes
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... RENAL LOSS: - Diuresis ... • Fatigue Chloride ... #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Chloride
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... loop or thiazide diuretics ... Vomiting/nasogastric suction ... pressure: Active diuretic ... #causes #urinary
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Algorithm Cl- ... loop or thiazide diuretics ... pressure: Active diuretic ... the indicated causes ... #urine #Algorithm
Major Segments of the Nephron and their Functions 
 - Glomerulus - Formation of glomerular filtrate
Segments of the Nephron ... and their Functions ... organic acids and bases ... acid and most diuretics ... #Pathophysiology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... vomiting/ nasogastric suction ... Thiazide or loop diuretics ... after renal tubule diuretic ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
Definition: • Functional ... • Caused by splanchnic ... Pathophysiology: ... • Tubular function ... Exclude other AKI causes
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Vomiting, NGT suction ... Low Cl intake, Diuretics ... High Urine Cl-: Diuretics ... #Nephrology #Causes