9 results
Major Segments of the Nephron and their Functions 
 - Glomerulus - Formation of glomerular filtrate
Segments of the Nephron ... and their Functions ... acid and most diuretics ... #Segments #Function ... #Pathophysiology
SGLT2 Inhibitors 
SGLT2 inhibitors are the newest class of anti-diabetic medications, with the first one (Canagliflozin)
class of anti-diabetic ... reabsorption in the nephron ... are similar to diuretics ... have good kidney function ... Medications #DM2 #Diabetes
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
Definition: • Functional ... Pathophysiology: ... • Tubular function ... volume expansion + diuretic ... liver transplant evaluation
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... RENAL LOSS: - Diuresis ... transport, renal function ... Gastrointestinal function ... #Pathophysiology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... lost via osmotic diuresis ... has good renal function ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology ... endocrinology #diabetes
Abnormal liver function tests algorithm.
 This figure details the initial response to abnormal liver blood tests.
Abnormal liver function ... tests algorithm ... indicate the initial evaluation ... history alongside evaluation ... ; T2DM, type 2 diabetes
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
Preoperative Risk Evaluation ... Assess functional ... Functional status ... event, follow ACC algorithm ... Diabetes regimen
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
are excellent at evaluating ... hemodynamics and cardiac function ... excreted using diuretics ... #differential #algorithm
Evaluation of Recurrent Falls

Core Concept:
Maintaining an upright posture requires the integrated function of multiple systems.
Disruption in
Evaluation of Recurrent ... the integrated function ... neuropathy (e.g., diabetic ... fear of falling, functional ... #Differential #Evaluation