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diagnosis differential management nephrology treatment gastroenterology abdominal bloating chloride classification complications diabetes diabeticketoacidosis disorders distension dka encephalopathy endocrinology functional gastrointestinal
Major Segments of the Nephron and their Functions - Glomerulus - Formation of glomerular filtrate
Segments of the Nephron ... and their Functions ... organic acids and bases ... acid and most diuretics ... #Pathophysiology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Cause - Decreased Intake: • Low salt in diet • Exclusive D5W
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Increased Loss: • GI ... RENAL LOSS: - Diuresis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Pathophysiology
Hyperuricemia: Pathogenesis and Complications - Hypercalcemia (due to diseases like Sarcoidosis and Hyperparathyroidism) -> Accumulation of
arteriole in the nephron ... dose salicylates, diuretics ... Release of purine bases ... Hyperuricemia #Pathophysiology ... Complications #Gout
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm GI Losses - Gastric • Vomiting • NG suction GI
Causes of Metabolic ... GI Losses - Gastric ... Vomiting • NG suction ... tubular transport • Diuretics ... #Causes
Management of Abdominal Distension and Bloating - Treatment Algorithm Definitions Pathophysiology Organic/Pathologic Etiologies: • Small Intestinal Bowel Overgrowth (SIBO)
Definitions Pathophysiology ... • Ascites • GI ... Disorders of Gut-Brain ... Dysfunction • Functional ... Dyspepsia • Functional
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
lost via osmotic diuresis ... diffusion of K+ out ... of cells may cause ... has good renal function ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation) GI loss - Urine loss
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... in isolation) GI ... Vomiting • NG suction ... contracted • Loop diuretics ... syndrome • Thiazide diuretics
Hepatic Encephalopathy - Diagnosis and Management Summary Definition: • Alteration in brain function manifested by neuropsychiatric symptoms
Alteration in brain function ... exclusion: always rule out ... other causes of ... Precipitants: Infection, GI ... bleeding, Diuretic
Functional GI Disorders in IBD - IBD Algorithm Background: • 25-40% of IBD in remission have IBS
Functional GI Disorders ... in IBD - IBD Algorithm ... narcotic use FGID Pathphysiology ... • Disordered Gut-Brain ... @wabillin #Functional
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