8 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia: • Hypovolemic ... • Euvolemic (Low ... access to H2O • Hypervolemic ... Hypernatremia: • Hypovolemic ... nephrogenic) • Hypervolemic
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
cardiac, liver, renal ... Diagnosis #EM #IM #Nephro ... #Hyponatremia #Hypovolemic ... #Euvolemic #Hypervolemic ... #Differential #Algorithm
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Beer Potomania - Low ... • Renal Failure ... Dependent: • Hypovolemic ... - GI losses, renal ... • Hypervolemic
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
to Hyponatremia Hypovolemic ... Hypothyroidism, Low ... Primary polydipsia Hypervolemic ... #Hyponatremia #algorithm ... diagnosis #sodium #low
An intuitive way to use ultrasound to evaluate sick patients along the peri-shock to full shock
High or Think Low ... #Diagnosis #POCUS ... Evaluation #Protocol #Algorithm ... #Low #Abdomen # ... Hypovolemic #Distributive
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm ... EABV) - Consider: Hypovolemia ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... solute intake, Renal ... Helbert Rondon, MD @NephroMD
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... can be high or low ... Present (Uosm ≥100): Hypovolemia ... , Hypervolemia with ... Primary polydipsia), Low
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
- Differential Algorithm ... Hyponatremia: • Hypovolemia ... polydipsia • Hypervolemia ... Syndrome, Chronic Renal ... nephrology #sodium #low