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diagnosis nephrology hyponatremia management 3 comatose di diabetes heat heatstroke hypotonic illness low neurology physiologic stroke table treatment uricacid workup
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup Step #1 - Consider the history Step #2 - Assess
Hypernatremia Differential ... Workup Step #1 ... history Step #2 ... & desmopressin test ... #Sodium #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Inadequate water intake: • Lack of access to water Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential ... • Nephrogenic ... #nephrology #sodium ... #high
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Workup Algorithm ... 1) Check Urine ... renal mechanism 2) ... Euvolemic: Diabetes insipidus ... #nephrology #sodium
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... >145 mmol/L High ... kg • Diabetes Insipidus
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... water retention 1) ... Serum Osmolarity 2) ... Acid → SIADH - High
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
urine osm (in DI; high ... water unavailable 2) ... post-obstructive 3) Diabetes Insipidus ... : neurogenic, nephrogenic ... management #nephrology #sodium
Diabetes Insipidus - Diagnosis Algorithm Tests: • Osmolality, Urine AND/OR • Osmolality, Serum or Plasma AND •
Diabetes Insipidus ... Plasma AND • Sodium ... Osmolality, Urine 1- ... 2 hrs post administration ... #nephrology #differential
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... +K / serum Na >1 ... diuresis can be high ... #differential #
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework Heat Cramps: • Muscle pain or spasm -
Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... conditions - Neurogenic ... heat illness → Hypernatremia ... encephalopathy) 2. ... High body temperatures
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient Definition: • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
consciousness Differential ... Comatose Patient 1. ... safe to stop 2. ... Anisocoria + Coma → high ... caseyalbin #PhysicalExam
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