86 results
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... Osmotic diuresis • Central ... insipidus • Nephrogenic ... administration #Hypernatremia ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Parkinson's Disease - Signs and Symptoms
Systemic: Tremor and Slowness, Impaired balance, Small Handwriting, Sleepiness, Trouble Moving
Parkinson's Disease ... - Signs and Symptoms ... Walking, Masked Face Central ... #Signs #Symptoms ... #neurology
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS 
OF ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY. 

Primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency:
 - Tiredness, weakness, mental depression
, diarrhea - Hyponatremia ... Autoimmune thyroid disease ... - Central nervous ... system symptoms ... Insufficiency #Signs
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Etiologies of Hypernatremia ... Movement of Water Central ... congenital disorders Nephrogenic ... Various renal diseases ... ssyndrome, sickle cell disease
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia - ... Extrarenal Hypernatremia ... Diabetes insipidus (central ... or nephrogenic) ... Workup #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypernatremia Classification and Features According to Volume Status
 - Hypervolemic hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome, Primary hyperaldosteronism,
Hypernatremia Classification ... - Hypervolemic hypernatremia ... - DI, Central Dl ... Gestational DI, Nephrogenic ... Comparison #Table #Nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
, Dehydration: neurologic ... disease, water ... Diabetes Insipidus: neurogenic ... , nephrogenic 4 ... with D5 fluids or enteral
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Diabetes Insipidus Central ... or neurogenic diabetes ... granulomatous diseases ... Surgery, Idiopathic Nephrogenic ... Classification #Types #Nephrology
Orbicularis Reflex in an Alzheimer's Patient on Physical Exam

Alzheimer's is a degenerative, progressive and irreversible disease.
and irreversible disease ... treated to relieve symptoms ... One of the first symptoms ... course of the disease ... clinical #video #neurology
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
True Vertigo - Illusion of Rotary Movement
Peripheral Vestibular
vomiting, auditory symptoms ... • Meniere's Disease ... Bone Fracture Central ... symptoms/signs, ... Dizziness #Vertigo #Neurology