24 results
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... insipidus • Nephrogenic ... administration #Hypernatremia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology #sodium
Drugs affecting the cardiac action potential. The sharp rise in voltage ("0") corresponds to the influx
the two decays ("1" ... and "3", respectively ... the repolarizing eflux ... #Pathophys #Pharmacology ... Antiarrhythmics #Classes
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 
1) Neurological event
2) Sodium loss from tubules
3) Naturiesis →
Pathophysiology 1) ... Neurological event 2) Sodium ... from tubules 3) ... #hyponatremia # ... comparison
Comparison of Causes of Salt-Wasting in Infancy
 - PHA 1
 - PHA 3
 - 21-OH CAH
Comparison of Causes ... Infancy - PHA 1 ... - PHA 3 - 21-OH ... #Causes #differential ... diagnosis #pediatrics #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
output is a clue). 1) ... , Dehydration: neurologic ... post-obstructive 3) ... ([Na] / 140) - 1) ... #sodium
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
is usually caused ... vast majority of cases ... 1) Is it hypotonic ... Treatment #management #nephrology ... #sodium
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... +K / serum Na >1 ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... Uosm <100): Renal Losses ... #nephrology
Management of SIADH
Treat underlying cause:
 • Causes can include pain, primary lung pathology, post-operative phenomenon, medications,
: • Causes can ... restriction: • Restrict 1 ... promoting passive sodium ... SIADH #Management #hyponatremia ... #nephrology #treatment
SIADH Treatment Options
1. Treat underlying cause of SIADH: Pain, Primary lung pathology, Post-operative phenomenon, Medications, Basically
Treatment Options 1. ... purposes, restrict to 1 ... hospitalization) 3. ... promoting passive sodium ... SIADH #Management #hyponatremia
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... conditions - Neurogenic ... heat illness → Hypernatremia ... , ARDS, DIC) 3. ... differential #diagnosis #causes