15 results
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... insipidus • Nephrogenic ... administration #Hypernatremia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
, Dehydration: neurologic ... Diabetes Insipidus: neurogenic ... , nephrogenic 4 ... Diagnosis #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
is usually caused ... vast majority of cases ... the underlying cause ... Diagnosis #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
Management of SIADH
Treat underlying cause:
 • Causes can include pain, primary lung pathology, post-operative phenomenon, medications,
Management of SIADH ... promoting passive sodium ... SatyaPatelMD #SIADH #Management ... #hyponatremia # ... nephrology #treatment
Hypertonic Saline for Treatment of Hyponatremic Encephalopathy
1) 100 ml bolus of 3% NaCl over 10 min.
hours. 2) Serum sodium ... Increase in sodium ... urine output for signs ... Saline #Treatment #management ... #protocol #hyponatremia
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
skin injury) • Neurologic ... Medium and large ... SLE, Reactive arthritis ... Syndrome #diagnosis #management ... #signs #symptoms
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... conditions - Neurogenic ... heat illness → Hypernatremia ... → Syncope • Signs ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Giant cell arteritis (GCA)

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) definition: Most common systemic inflammatory vasculitis in older adults
with systemic, neurologic ... Involves large and medium ... systemic sx + signs ... GCA #Temporal #Signs ... Symptoms #Diagnosis #Management
SIADH Treatment Options
1. Treat underlying cause of SIADH: Pain, Primary lung pathology, Post-operative phenomenon, Medications, Basically
Treat underlying cause ... promoting passive sodium ... SatyaPatelMD #SIADH #Management ... #hyponatremia # ... nephrology #treatment
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
irrigation • Management ... nephrotic syndrome • Hyponatremia ... Kidney stones caused ... and euvolemic hyponatremia ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology