39 results
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Classification, ... Differential Diagnosis ... chronic kidney disease ... #Classification ... #Table #Causes
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... insipidus • Nephrogenic ... #Causes #nephrology ... #sodium #high
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Etiologies of Hypernatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Insensible losses Sodium ... Various renal diseases ... #Table #Causes
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Hyponatremia - Differential ... treat underlying cause ... Pulmonary Diseases ... , CNS Disease, Meds ... #nephrology #sodium
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Classification of ... Central or neurogenic ... uropathy, Metabolic causes ... Diabetes #Insipidus #Classification ... Types #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Classification of Vasculitis 
Vasculitis of large vessels 
 - Arteritis temporalis (giant-cell arteritis) 
 - Takayasu
Classification of ... Vasculitis of medium ... Vasculitis #Vessels #Diagnosis ... #Rheumatology # ... Diagnosis
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Differential Diagnosis ... Diagnosis is primarily ... Dehydration: neurologic disease ... Diabetes Insipidus: neurogenic ... management #nephrology #sodium
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Kidney Injury - Classification ... tubular necrosis (causes ... obstruction) • Neurogenic ... Kidney #Injury #Classification ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... 3 questions to work ... vaptans (HF/liver disease ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... management #nephrology #sodium