10 results
Hypernatremia - Diagnostic Evaluation Algorithm
Step 1: Consider history. Most patients presenting with hypernatremia are either very
Diagnostic Evaluation ... Step 2: Check Uosm ... determine the type ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... Evaluation #Algorithm #Sodium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... renal mechanism 2) ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Differential Diagnosis ... Diagnosis is primarily ... water unavailable 2) ... Diabetes Insipidus: neurogenic ... #nephrology #sodium
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Classification of ... mutations in AQP-2 ... Treatment is aimed ... #Types #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... 3 questions to work ... 2) Is ADH elevated ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #nephrology #sodium
Shock Types - Classification
State of cellular and tissue hypoxia due to: reduced oxygen delivery, increased oxygen
Shock Types - Classification ... tissue perfusion 2. ... to infection • Neurogenic ... due to loss of Sodium ... #types #diagnosis
Shock Classification
Shock Definition: State of cellular and tissue hypoxia due to: reduced oxygen delivery, increased oxygen
Shock Classification ... tissue perfusion 2. ... infection • Neurogenic ... due to loss of sodium ... #Types #diagnosis
Sjogren's Syndrome Overview

Epidemiology:
• F > M: 9:1
• 5-6th Decades (can be any age)

Autoimmune exocrinopathy multisystemic disease
• Cytopenia: 2% ... ) • Cutaneous vasculitis ... Lymphoma, Cytopenia: 2% ... Systemic Vasculitis ... Adenocarcinoma Treatment
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
Classification: ... HRS-AKI (formerly Type ... HRS-Non-AKI (formerly Type ... • Urine sodium ... Treatment Overview
Monoclonal Gammopathy of Renal Significance (MGRS)

MGRS
• MGRS refers to kidney disease caused by nephrotoxic monoclonal immunoglobulins
Workup: • Kidney ... guide subtype classification ... formation causing vasculitis ... Types of MGRS-Associated ... microangiopathy Treatment