8 results
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Workup Step #1 ... #Management #Algorithm ... #Sodium #nephrology ... #insipidus #DI
Hypernatremia Classification and Features According to Volume Status
 - Hypervolemic hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome, Primary hyperaldosteronism,
Cushing's syndrome, Primary ... - DI, Central Dl ... DI, Nephrogenic ... Classification #Features #Diagnosis ... #Comparison #Table
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Diagnosis is primarily ... urine osm (in DI ... : neurogenic, nephrogenic ... #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm 1) ... Euvolemic: Diabetes insipidus ... (central or nephrogenic ... Algorithm #nephrology #sodium
Primary Polydipsia
Definition: Excessive volitional water intake
Epidemiology:
 • 6-20% of patients with psychiatric disorders - Most commonly
• Symptomatic hyponatremia ... : Diabetes Insipidus ... Urine Osm, Serum Sodium ... , Urine Sodium ... #management #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... irrigation • Management ... kidney disease • Primary ... • Primary nocturnal ... Diuresis #Nephrology #Pharmacology
Shock and Vasoactive Drugs 
1) Determine type and etiology of shock
 • Distributive: Sepsis, Anaphylaxis, Neurogenic
Vasoactive Drugs 1) ... , Anaphylaxis, Neurogenic ... vasoactive drug pharmacology ... #inopressors #diagnosis ... #management #comparison
Sjogren's Syndrome Overview

Epidemiology:
• F > M: 9:1
• 5-6th Decades (can be any age)

Autoimmune exocrinopathy multisystemic disease
Epidemiology: • F > M: 9:1 ... Antinuclear antibodies ≥ 1: ... DI Hematologic ... lubricants • Pharmacologic ... #Management