11 results
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Classification, ... - Nephrotic syndrome ... - Acute and ... chronic kidney disease ... Diagnosis #Table #Causes
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Acute Kidney Injury ... - Classification ... tubular necrosis (causes ... obstruction) • Neurogenic ... #Kidney #Injury
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Acute Kidney Injury ... Abdominal Compartment Syndrome ... Nephrolithiasis) • Neurogenic ... #Kidney #Injury ... Diagnosis #nephrology #causes
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Etiologies of Hypernatremia ... Insensible losses Sodium ... congenital disorders Nephrogenic ... sensitivity in kidneys ... Diagnosis #Table #Causes
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Torsemide) • Acute ... • Hyponatremia ... stones caused by ... hyperaldosteronism • Acute ... and euvolemic hyponatremia
Oncologic Emergencies - Differential Diagnosis Framework

HEMATOLOGIC ONCOLOGIC EMERGENCIES:
Hyperviscosity Syndrome:
 • Spontaneous bleeding
 • Shortness of breath
Hyperviscosity Syndrome ... • Early death Neutropenic ... : Tumor Lysis Syndrome ... Hyperuricemia • Acute ... coma SIADH: • Hyponatremia
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Acute oliguric kidney ... antiphospholipid syndrome ... High #Potassium #Classification ... #Causes
Intraabdominal hypertension is defined as elevated pressure without overt organ failure (table below).  Among critically
failure, it may cause ... particularly to the kidneys ... #IAH #Grades #Classification ... #ACS #Compartment ... #Syndrome
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... conditions - Neurogenic ... heat illness → Hypernatremia ... involvement: Muscles, Kidneys ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
Causes of Lactate ... cardiac output - Acute ... - Compartment syndrome ... peritonitis - Acute ... #typea #typeb #classification