10 results
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Acute Kidney Injury ... - Classification ... Dehydration • Heart ... tubular necrosis (causes ... obstruction) • Neurogenic
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
irrigation • Management ... Loop Diuretics; High-Ceiling ... • Hyponatremia ... stones caused by ... and euvolemic hyponatremia
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... conditions - Neurogenic ... illness → Hypernatremia ... involvement: Muscles, Kidneys ... High body temperatures
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... diuresis can be high ... renal perfusion (Heart ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Framework and Management ... Summary Causes ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... nephrotoxicity to kidney ... #causes #treatment
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Congestive heart ... antiphospholipid syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #High ... #Potassium #Classification
Orthopedic Emergencies
Compartment Syndrome
 • An increase in compartment pressure to the point where tissue perfusion is
at level of the heart ... the level of the heart ... • Syndrome caused ... Diagnosis: requires a high ... Spinal shock vs Neurogenic
Shock Overview
A state of tissue hypoxia due to decreased or dysregulated oxygen delivery or extraction, resulting
areas, back of thigh ... liver failure, neurogenic ... delivery • MI, Heart ... #diagnosis #management ... #differential #causes
Shock Overview
A state of tissue hypoxia due to decreased or dysregulated oxygen delivery or extraction, resulting
areas, back of thigh ... liver failure, neurogenic ... delivery • MI, Heart ... #diagnosis #management ... #differential #causes
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
Hepatorenal Syndrome ... Classification: ... • Urine sodium ... be substituted as ... Prognosis: • High