9 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Workup ... Algorithm #nephrology #sodium
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Etiologies of Hypernatremia ... - Differential ... Insensible losses Sodium ... sensitivity in kidneys ... Diagnosis #Table #Causes
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
is usually caused ... 3 questions to work ... demyelination syndrome ... Diagnosis #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
Causes of Secondary ... Hypertension - Differential ... Oral sodium loading ... • Cushing’s syndrome ... #Screening #Workup
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
irrigation • Management ... • Hyponatremia ... • Nephrogenic ... stones caused by ... and euvolemic hyponatremia
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Causes of Secondary ... Hypertension - Workup ... and Differential ... disturbance, or acute kidney ... #causes #Differential
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... conditions - Neurogenic ... heat illness → Hypernatremia ... involvement: Muscles, Kidneys ... #diagnosis #causes
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Framework and Management ... Summary Causes ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... nephrotoxicity to kidney
Acromegaly - Diagnosis and Management Summary - GrepMed Handbook 

Clinical Presentation: 
 • Classic Acromegaly: frontal
Acromegaly occurs secondary ... Differential Diagnosis ... Beckwith Wiedemann syndrome ... Diagnosis and Workup ... or refractory cases