8 results
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Acute Kidney Injury ... Dehydration • Heart ... tubular necrosis (causes ... obstruction) • Neurogenic ... #Acute #Kidney
Acute Kidney Injury - Differential Diagnosis Framework
PRERENAL:
 - Intrarenal vasoconstriction-hemodynamically mediated
 - Systemic vasodilation
 - Volume
Acute Kidney Injury ... white blood cell casts ... renal tubular cell casts ... or pigmented casts ... #Injury #AKI #Differential
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
injury, Heat stroke ... exertion/training - Seizures ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... Cast formation: ... nephrotoxicity to kidney
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
iniury, Heat stroke ... exertion/training, Seizures ... Dermatomyositis) AKI ... Cast formation: ... #Summary #causes
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... conditions - Neurogenic ... Hypernatremia & ... involvement: Muscles, Kidneys ... consciousness, Coma/seizure
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
vast majority of cases ... demyelination syndrome ... of symptomatic (seizures ... Diagnosis #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
irrigation • Management ... • Hyponatremia ... • Nephrogenic ... stones caused by ... and euvolemic hyponatremia
Orthopedic Emergencies
Compartment Syndrome
 • An increase in compartment pressure to the point where tissue perfusion is
circumferential dressings/casts ... at level of the heart ... the level of the heart ... • Syndrome caused ... Spinal shock vs Neurogenic