6 results
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... perspiration Renal ... • Osmotic diuresis ... insipidus • Nephrogenic ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
mOsm/kg - Implies renal ... , Ingestion Renal ... • Hypovolemic: Diuretics ... , Cushing syndrome ... Algorithm #nephrology #sodium
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... alone in SIADH RAAS ... Sodium loss (diuretics ... ) RAAS Active (or ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Regulating Renal ... • Hyponatremia ... Kidney stones caused ... and euvolemic hyponatremia ... #Pharmacology #
Hyponatremia (<135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte abnormality caused by an excess of total body water
electrolyte abnormality caused ... in renal failure ... release of anti-diuretic ... in the renal tubules ... #EBV #potomania
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
• Hypovolemia: Diuretics ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic Syndrome ... , Chronic Renal ... Algorithm #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #sodium