21 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... insipidus (central or nephrogenic ... Hypervolemic: Conn syndrome ... , Cushing syndrome ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... Repeat the sodium ... mmol/L - true hyponatremia ... • nephrotic syndrome ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm
IBS-C Pharmacotherapy

Polyethylene glycol
Lubiprostone
Linaclotide
Plecanatide
Tegaserod
Tenapanor

#IBSC #IBS #Constipation #Irritable #Bowel #Syndrome #pharmacology #table #comparison #management #treatment
#IBSC #IBS #Constipation ... Irritable #Bowel #Syndrome ... #pharmacology # ... table #comparison
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) Treatment Options
Amitiza (Lubiprostone)
Antidepressants: Celexa, Wellbutrin, Prozac, Paxil, Nortriptyline, and Zoloft
Bentyl (Dicyclomine)
Creon
Ducolax
Imodium, Maalox,
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ... Creon Ducolax Imodium ... ibs #diarrhea #constipation ... #management #pharmacology ... #table
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia ... Algorithm Hypertonic ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #nephrology
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Etiologies of Hypernatremia ... Insensible losses Sodium ... congenital disorders Nephrogenic ... DrEricStrong #Hypernatremia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table
Hypernatremia Classification and Features According to Volume Status
 - Hypervolemic hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome, Primary hyperaldosteronism,
Hypernatremia Classification ... - Hypervolemic hypernatremia ... - Cushing's syndrome ... Gestational DI, Nephrogenic ... Diagnosis #Comparison #Table
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
cell epithelial sodium ... of epithelial sodium ... exchanger,H+-ATPase Nephrogenic ... -2 deficiency Nephrogenic ... #Differential #Table
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome ... UnremarkableLab #Hyponatremia ... diagnosis #nephrology #sodium