12 results
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
Hyponatremia - Differential ... depletion - Heart ... - Cirrhosis Syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes #Sodium
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Etiologies of Hypernatremia ... Insensible losses Sodium ... Insipidus (Decr ADH ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
usually caused by ... , ADH (appropriately ... demyelination syndrome ... of symptomatic (seizures ... management #nephrology #sodium
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... renal perfusion (Heart ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #table
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... exertion/training - Seizures ... Aldolase ↑ • LDH ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... per day until stable
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... conditions - Neurogenic ... illness → Hypernatremia ... consciousness, Coma/seizure ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Hyponatremia ... Kidney stones caused ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... and euvolemic hyponatremia ... #Medications #Table
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
iniury, Compartment syndrome ... exertion/training, Seizures ... per day until stable ... Management #Summary #causes ... #treatment
Management of Hyponatremia
Hypertonic Saline - Only indicated if patient has severe symptoms + Na < 125
Give
Management of Hyponatremia ... Restriction for all • Heart ... SIADH — look for cause ... give specific treatment ... #sodium
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
Decompensated Heart ... Failure (ADHF) ... acute coronary syndrome ... the determined cause ... #table #foamed