13 results
diagnosis differential hyponatremia causes management treatment alkalosis gitelman hypokalemia hypotonic metabolic neurology pathophysiology physiologic rhabdomyolysis table true uricacid urinary volume
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
Differential Algorithm ... sodium low, uric ... - Urine sodium ... and uric acid low ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... 1) Check Urine ... • Euvolemic (Low ... , Cushing syndrome ... #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Sodium 4) Serum ... #nephrology #sodium ... #low #uricacid
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses •
Based Approach to Hyponatremia ... Hypothyroidism, Low ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #low #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
Algorithm Cl- ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... Urine chloride is ... #urine #Algorithm ... #nephrology #differential
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L High
water loss, Serum Sodium ... 145 mmol/L High Urine ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... Urine Osmolality ... #Nephrology #Differential
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants Hypotonic Hyponatremia: • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Algorithm Hypertonic ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #nephrology
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Unprovoked - Epilepsy: • Focal: Simple, Complex • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... Traumatic brain injury ... Hyperglycemia, Hyponatremia ... #Causes #neurology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... can be high or low ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
thiazide-sensitive sodium ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... tachycardia • Seizures ... #diagnosis #nephrology
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