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diagnosis differential hyponatremia causes pediatrics dims epilepsy heatstroke hypotonic illness mnemonic physiologic provoked stroke table workup
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... mechanism 2) Volume ... • Euvolemic (Low ... , Cushing syndrome ... #nephrology #sodium
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses •
to Hyponatremia ... Urine Na < 20: Heart ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #low #nephrology
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants Hypotonic Hyponatremia: • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
: Hypovolemia, Heart ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... solute intake, ... #sodium #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
algorithm Urine ... can be high or low ... renal perfusion (Heart ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemic - Give volume Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Hypovolemic - Give volume ... cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome ... , CNS Disease, Meds ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #sodium
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ADH Independent: • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Beer Potomania - Low ... Hypervolemic - Heart ... #causes #nephrology
Causes of Pediatric Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Infantile: • Benign Focal Epilepsy of Infancy • West
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypocalcemia • Hyponatremia ... Structural: • Head ... Injury • Stroke ... #Causes #Peds #
Causes of Provoked Pediatric Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - "DIMS" Mnemonic Drugs: • Drug overdose •
Hypocalcemia • Hyponatremia ... Structural: • Head ... Injury • Stroke ... • Sturge-Weber Syndrome ... #Causes #Peds #
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework Heat Cramps: • Muscle pain or spasm -
Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... conditions - Neurogenic ... Hypernatremia & ... Pathophysiology: Volume ... consciousness, Coma/seizure
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP Hypotonic Hyponatremia: • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Algorithm Isotonic ... Hypervolemia: Congestive Heart ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic Syndrome ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology ... #sodium #low
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